Sed convallis augue arcu, non sagittis nunc consectetur non. Nam rutrum, orci lacinia aliquet faucibus, erat lectus luctus neque, in finibus arcu lorem vitae sapien. Nam dui tellus, fringilla sed rutrum interdum, convallis vel dolor. Pellentesque habitant morbi tristique senectus et netus et malesuada fames ac turpis egestas. Etiam ut lectus iaculis, hendrerit turpis ut, pulvinar velit. Nam eros eros, venenatis ut tristique volutpat, ornare eget dolor. Phasellus pulvinar, justo quis tincidunt accumsan, lectus risus facilisis urna, sit amet convallis ex eros nec massa. Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Let us take Xavier's recommendation and note that the font-size for the body of this document is: Xavier Alexandre says: If good measure is the goal, why not set container width in ems? A character width is around half an em, so a 45-75 characters line is around 23-37ems.Keep the usage of such units for styling on media with fixed and known physical properties (e.g print).Use relative length units such as percent or (better) em" They render inconsistently across platforms and can't be resized by the User Agent (e.g browser). "Do not specify the font-size in pt, or other absolute length units for screen stylesheets. "As a base font size for a document, 1em (or 100%) is equivalent to setting the font size to the user's preference." For multiple column work, a better average is 40 to 50 characters.” The Elements of Typographic Style Applied to the Web Mike Anderson: 66 "The 66-character line(counting both letters and spaces) is widely regarded as ideal.Laura Franz: 45 to 85 characters (including spaces and punctuation) per line for web pages (2015).Christian Host: 50-75 bytes per line (2010).See the box-sizing correction below.Īnd additional use of these viewport attributes is the sizing of fonts for readability. The offset width is two pixels larger since. This browser viewport values are currently: Means the largest viewport percentage which ever is larger if vw or vh:Į.g., 1vmax is 1% of viewport width or height whichever is larger Means the smallest viewport percentage which ever is smaller of vw or vh:Į.g., 1vmin is 1% of viewport width or height whichever is smaller There are four useful viewpoint attributes: vh vh vmin and vamx. Note that if you change your browser window size the image changes size - and maintains the same relative screen area.ĬCS3 provides some addition measurements to assist in sizing HTML elements. This could apply to an element's size properties: like width or height as well as an element's page location like top or left or an element's characteristics like font-size, border-width, etc.įor example, use this slider to change the size (using width: some_number % ) of the image below: The CSS attribute that allows to easily address this issue is to specify a page element's size using a percentage rather than a fixed pixel width (e.g. Any element using this fixed pixel dimension would, however, consume different amounts of the screen real estate on different devices with various pixel resolutions. Traditional page layout designs used fixed pixel measurements to size the web page elements (e.g. The address the issues of various screen sizes (i.e., screen resolutions) across a variety of devices, the central issues is to be able to adjust the size of things relative to the space available. So having finished these essential elements we can now turn our attention to responsiveness. This sequence of topics in this course necessitates having covering the basics of HTML, then CCS and lastly Responsive Design. Over the past five years various other authors and developers have honed this topic along various dimension of technology and design - but the principles from the two works above are generally accepted. Luke Wroblewski's 2011 book Mobile First.Ethan Marcotte's 2011 book Responsive Web Design (now in 2nd edition).The two most cited contribution to this discussion are two books: Clearly there should be some unifying technologies or techniques that allow a single web page to detect and respond to the many variations. This is no small task and often has been approached by building multiple web pages - one for each type of device. The principle issues of responsive web design involves dealing ' responsively' with: web page layout screen size orientation and navigation across a variety of ' devices' such as: mobile (smart phones), pads, tablets and personal computers.
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